Field National projects
At the end of September, thanks to the national project “ Sciences et Universités & # 39; & # 39; world-class “ Nord '' science and education center (REC) sustainable development territory & # 39; & # 39; received grants for the opening of 6 youth laboratories. Some of them are already operational, others will be opening soon. REC projects are aimed at developing the infrastructure of the territories of northern Russia. This is very important for areas beyond the Arctic Circle. And the strengthening of the northern economy will affect the economy of the country as a whole.
Let's talk about how the developments of Russian scientists will allow Russia to strengthen its strategic presence in the Arctic.
The North is a land of sustainable development
October theme in the Year of Science and Technology & mdash; “The energy of the future”. For the development of the Arctic territories, Russian scientists are developing technologies capable of providing energy to settlements and objects built under the extreme conditions of permafrost.
This year REC “ Nord & # 39; & # 39; sustainable development territory & # 39; & # 39; presented a large-scale technology platform project for the development and testing of full-cycle hydrogen technologies. It will allow remote infrastructure to operate autonomously, regardless of weather conditions and fuel supplies. The use of hydrogen in the Arctic is relevant and is due to the prevalence of a suitable resource for the extraction of finished fuel & mdash; water. The procurement process can be organized autonomously at a polar station or in a remote locality.
Through the National Science and Universities Project in REC & laquo; North & mdash; sustainable development territory & # 39; & # 39; 6 laboratories are open, the goal of which is & mdash; promotion of the development of young scientists and employment of promising researchers. Thus, on the basis of the NEFU named after M.K. Ammosov, the laboratory “ Computational Technologies for the Modeling of Multiphysical and Multiscale Processes in the Permafrost Zone '' was launched, which solves the problems of several applied areas. In addition, a laboratory for radiation technologies and polymer composites for the North will operate at NEFU. Using computational methods, scientists will be able to assess the impact of global warming on the rate of thawing of soils in the polar territories. This will provide arctic infrastructure builders with soil condition data, and environmentalists will receive information to analyze technogenic and natural causes of climate change in specific areas. & Nbsp;
Two laboratories for young people are being launched on the basis of the Yakutsk Science Center of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. And an electrochemical sources laboratory for renewable energy has opened at Sakhalin State University. It will focus on the creation of new energy storage devices for Sakhalin and the Kurils based on solar panels and wind turbines, the study of the accumulation and consumption of energy. ;hydrogen. The laboratory is established in partnership with the Institute of Chemical Physics Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The production and use of hydrogen is one of the strategic priorities for the scientific and technological development of the Sakhalin region, which can ensure a leading position among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of hydrogen energy.
Science and Technology Center of Autonomous Energy & nbsp;
The Science and Technology Center for Autonomous Energy which is part of the Institute of Arctic Technologies of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (STC AT MIPT) was established in 2017. It was established in 2017. ; is today one of the main centers where arctic energy projects are developing. It includes four laboratories and an engineering center. & Nbsp;
In the harsh conditions of the Arctic, the wind speed often reaches 15-20 m/s, and in some areas it reaches 50 m/s. Harsh weather conditions require special approaches for the creation of wind turbines. Their design and development is carried out in the Renewable Energy Sources Laboratory.The capacity of the Arctic Wind Power Plant (ArkVEU) designed here is & mdash; about 100 kilowatts, and it can work continuously in a completely isolated environment. The design features allow the generator not to be covered with ice, withstand temperatures up to & below; 50 ° C and at a wind speed of 60 m/s. Thanks to such facilities, the northern regions will be able to significantly reduce the share of energy supply costs: in some regions they now reach 37% of the gross product. & Nbsp;
The Fuel Cell Laboratory is developing efficient technologies to convert chemical energy from fuel into electrical energy. The efficiency of traditional hydrocarbons in adverse northern conditions is very low. We need to get a handle on solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Electric generators based on them have an efficiency of up to 60%, and when combined with gas turbines, it can be increased up to 70%.
Snowflake polar station
Together with Russian and international partners, MIPT launched a project to build a complex of autonomous international arctic stations Snezhinka. They will operate exclusively from renewable energy sources and hydrogen, and station activities will focus on extensive research in the Arctic, testing promising technologies under adverse climatic conditions and cooperation international in the field of polar research. During the Year of Science and Technology, the construction of such a station began in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, and a complex project in the Murmansk region is In preparation. & Nbsp;
Snowflake International Arctic Station; will become one of the largest scientific infrastructures in the arctic zone. Thanks to its technological equipment, scientists around the world will be able to lead developments relevant to the development of the Arctic & mdash; survival systems for growing vegetables under extreme conditions. The project will enable smart region specialization and develop scientific potential in Yamal
The use of traditional energies in the Far North is difficult, therefore, to provide electricity at the “ Snowflake '' polar stations a complex has been created which combines wind turbines, solar panels and hydrogen power plants. Promising energy storage system projects have been developed.
A total of 15 world-class science and education centers are currently operating in the country. All were created as part of the national Science and University project.