History National projects
November 2021, according to the plan for the Year of Science and Technology in Russia, has been declared the Month of Artificial Intelligence. For three years, research in this area has been carried out by the Competence Centers of the National Initiative for Technology in several of the main universities in the country. Thanks to the National Science and University Project cutting-edge developments in various fields, from medicine to agriculture, are realized and implemented.
Smart harvesters for agriculture
Agriculture & nbsp; & ndash; the area where the use of artificial intelligence (AI) shows the most efficiency. The world-class Southern Russia Science and Education Center (REC) creates unmanned agricultural vehicles on its basis. Moreover, thanks to the measures of the national project “ Sciences and Universities '' There are already 15 world-class science and education centers in the country aimed at bringing the developments of academic scientists into the real sector of the economy.
The company Rostselmash, which is part of the REC of Southern Russia, implements a number of projects called AgroPilot. They are aimed at the multidisciplinary use of AI in unmanned agricultural equipment. During the Year of Science and Technology, an experimental harvester was created: it receives an online task map on the on-board computer and moves along the planned path, respecting the route with an accuracy of 2.5 cm. computer system, which takes into account the geometry of the terrain when forming the route and the characteristics of the machine. All functions are automated, the operator can only monitor the agricultural working process and some parameters.
Nowhere in the world are the problems of unmanned refueling of a combine, routing its route on public roads, remote maintenance, unloading grain, and the interaction of multiple vehicles without driver have not been resolved. The REC scientists and designers from southern Russia plan to be one of the first to deal with them. In addition, they plan to create a set of technological solutions for a fully autonomous unmanned agricultural vehicle that can be used in all types of industry. The project will be implemented using computer vision, artificial intelligence and wireless technologies.
The global market for smart agricultural technology in 2020 was estimated at $ 13.7 billion and is expected to reach 21.9 billion by 2025. A massive transition to robots for harvest will occur in time for 2025. At this point, software developers plan to create a universal complex that can be installed on any agricultural equipment at an affordable cost.
'Brain' for testing drugs
Any AI project requires working with large amounts of data (Big Data). It is simply impossible to create a really complex artificial intelligence complex in any other way.
Competence Center of the National Technology Initiative in the direction of Big Data Storage and Analysis Technologies on the basis of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov deals only with these problems, teaching the “intelligent” algorithms based on the example of big data. He has several promising projects. One of them is a joint venture with the Institute of Digital Medicine of the First Moscow State Medical University, named after IM Sechenov (Medical University of Moscow). Moscow State named after IMSechenov). With the help of neural networks & ndash; self-study programs that are part of artificial intelligence & ndash; scientists check the side effects of drugs when taken simultaneously, and even taking into account patients' chronic diseases and conditions.
The proposed technology makes it possible to extract the drug interactions mentioned therein from scientific publications. An up-to-date database of these interactions is automatically generated. Given the large number of scientific publications and the emergence of new drugs, this database should facilitate the work of specialists. In addition, dangerous drug interactions with food will be detected.
And also at the Competence Center of NTI Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University is developing an index of the readiness of priority sectors of the country's economy for the introduction of artificial intelligence. Based on the results of its calculation, some recommendations are provided for state initiatives. The introduction of intelligence algorithms will dramatically speed up many routine processes and improve the efficiency of businesses in various sectors of the economy. & nbsp; & nbsp;
Keep the conversation going, replace the bees
At the Competence Center of the National Technology Initiative (NTI) “ Artificial Intelligence '' based on the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, DeepPavlov is developing conversational neural network machine intelligence. He is able to conduct a constructive dialogue with a person. The program supports 53 languages and can be used for more efficient work of public services, document flow, as well as the creation of dialogue systems in the service sector. The conversational artificial intelligence technologies used in DeepPavlov and developed at the NTI Competence Center are already in use in more than fifty companies in Russia and abroad.
The team of young scientists working on DeepPavlov is led by Mikhail Burtsev, Head of the Laboratory of Neural Systems and Deep Learning, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. He is one of the organizers of international dialog systems competitions. The creation of such systems brings us closer to the emergence of the so-called 'strong'. artificial intelligence. He will in fact be able to think and become aware of himself as a separate person. The NTI Competence Center is working on the architecture of such intelligence. To solve the problem, an innovative computer prototype of the artificial psyche of ADAM robots was developed. It is built on teaching not individual actions, but their most useful combinations. This principle can be compared to a real planning of human behavior.
With the help of technology, it will be possible to create fundamentally new robots for various sectors of the economy. And anyone can teach them. It does not require programming skills – the robot will gain experience through “training”. People will therefore have assistants to patrol, deliver goods and food, observe grazing cattle … One of the promising areas is the creation of robot pollinators of plants. They can replace bees, whose numbers are decreasing all over the world. Scientists warn that their extinction could lead to a global environmental catastrophe.