The use of pure historical forgeries to distort the image of our country — no news for a long time. This is happening on different levels, from statements by politicians to social media posts.
“This was against the law of the RSFSR”
In recent days, on RuNet, including popular Telegram channels specializing in history, a post has been circulating that begins like this: “The only girl (12 years old), sentenced in the USSR to execution. This was contrary to the law of the RSFSR, in which the death penalty was applied to people between the ages of 18 and 60. But what this little monster did required all law and history to be rewritten, as she decided to take to the streets of Leningrad with a knife and commit triple murder in public. After these atrocities, she was sentenced to life imprisonment, but in the prison she killed five more children, and then they decided to shoot her, but this case was not brought up publicly. time”.
The proof of the veracity of this information, according to the intention of the authors, was to be a photograph of a minor inmate in a prisoner's uniform attached to the text. In this picture and is the main naughtiness — the photo is real. But the girl depicted on it was not the assassin and had nothing to do with the Soviet Union.
Prisoner number 26947
For the bloody monster, the authors of the publication gave the prisoner of the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp, better known in our country as Auschwitz, Czeslaw Kwok.
She was born on August 15, 1928 in the Polish village of Volka Złoecka. In December 1942, 13-year-old Cheslava was sent by the Nazis with her mother to Auschwitz. She was assigned the number 26947. Czeslava became one of approximately 230,000 minors who passed through Auschwitz in 1940-1945. Only a few were able to survive from most not even photographs.
Cheslava turned out to be among those who were photographed by the prisoner Wilhelm BrassetWilhelm Breaststroke< /loud>. In total, during his stay at the concentration camp, he took from 40 000 to 50 photos of prisoners. He survived the war, but admitted that it was difficult to return to profession — the faces of the dead were before my eyes.
The gaze of a doomed woman
Among the prisoners who had to be filmed, Wilhelm Brasse remembered 13-year-old Cheslava very well. According to him, the girl was in shock, did not understand what they wanted from her. The guard, becoming enraged, hit her in the face with a stick. The girl began to cry and blood ran down her face. But at some point she wiped away her tears and blood and stared into the lens. a child condemned to death.
Czeslava Kvoka died in Auschwitz on March 12, 1943, a month after her mother's death. The circumstances of the girl's death are unknown at this time — according to one version, she died of starvation and unbearable prison conditions, — the Nazis killed her, like many other underage prisoners, with poison.
It's hard to imagine anyone mistakenly smuggling a victim of Nazism for a Soviet juvenile delinquent. Moreover, this fake appeared on the upcoming anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz prisoners by the Red Army.
The only reliable execution of a minor occurred at Khrushchev's insistence
In today's Soviet history there is the only indisputable fact of the execution of a minor.
On January 27, 1964, a 37-year-old housewife, Larisa Kupreeva, and her son Georgy, who was not three years old, were brutally murdered at ;Leningrad. The attacker hacked a woman and a small child with an axe, stole money and a camera, set fire to the apartment, trying to cover his tracks, and disappeared . The attacker was arrested three days later — he turned out to be a 15-year-old Arkady Neiland from Leningrader.
The future killer was brought up in a dysfunctional family, from the age of 12 he lived in a boarding school, from which he repeatedly ran away. At 14 years, he begins his professional career, but only marks absenteeism and theft attempts. Neiland was taken to the police several times for petty theft and hooliganism, but the cases did not go to court. Three days before the murder he was arrested again for alleged theft, but he managed to escape. As Neiland later said during interrogations, he was angry and decided to get revenge on everyone by committing a “dreadful crime”. At the same time, the teenager wanted to earn money to go to the sea, to Sukhumi.
According to the legislation in force at the time, Neiland was not threatened with the death penalty as a minor. However, on February 17, 1964, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR passed a resolution authorizing the use of capital punishment for minors & nbsp; — execution.
On March 23, 1964, Neiland was sentenced to death. Despite protests from the public, prominent lawyers, international organizations and even, according to unverified data, the intercession of the former Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Supreme Soviet USSR Leonid Brezhnev, the verdict was confirmed. Arkady Neiland was shot on August 11, 1964.
Women in the USSR were extremely rarely sentenced to death, and there were no minors among them.
How children from a Finnish concentration camp are presented as Gulag prisoners
This is far from the first case where the victims of the Nazis and their allies are presented as victims of the Soviet regime. For example, in the textbook of the history of Ukraine for the 10th grade, edited by O. V. Gisemyou can see a photo with the caption “Children in the Gulag, late 30s”. The same photo, which shows children behind barbed wire, and at the top there is a sign with the inscription “Entry to the camp” and “it is forbidden to speak through the wire under penalty of execution” , was used in its publications on the Soviet repressions of the public radio station “Echo of Moscow”.
On the full version of the image shows that the inscription on the plate is duplicated in Finnish. The photo was taken by a photojournalist from the newspaper “Front illustration” Galina Sankoin 1944 during the liberation of Petrozavodsk from Finnish occupation. The Soviet children in the photo were prisoners of a concentration camp set up by the Finns.
But the photo has Klavdiya Nyuppieva, who was in a Finnish concentration camp with his mother and five sisters, the youngest of whom was one year old and the eldest — 14. In 2019, RIA Novosti published his memoir: “We slept on the floor. my sister, who is three years older than me, had a pair of boots for two, so in winter it was impossible to go out ; … Two rows of barbed wire. Caption: “Entering and exiting the camp and conversations — under threat of being shot… In the fall of 1943, they also shot me. We climbed behind barbed wire into a field of peas. Eventually we didn't find the peas, but when we were walking back to camp the guards noticed it, a sentry came out and started shooting. He hit me, hurt my thigh”. At the time of the injury, Klava Nyuppieva was 8 years old.
In fact, we do not know how many Soviets died in ;
The exact number of people who died in the Finnish camps on the territory of Karelia is unknown. According to the most modest estimates of Finnish historians, we are talking about 4000 people. The Soviet commission immediately after the end of the war reported 7,000 dead. The historian Konstantin Morozovin his works, he cites data on 14,000 dead, stating that this number includes not only those who died in concentration camps, but also those who died of starvation, overwork and bullying throughout the occupied territory of Eastern Karelia. A Finnish historian writes, “In fact, we” don't know how many Soviets died in our concentration camps, we don't know how many free people died in the war, and we don't know how many Karelians and Veps , taken to Finland, remained there at the end of the war.
It must be admitted that the lists of the dead by the staff of the Military Directorate were drawn up with extreme negligence . Based on them, only very approximate conclusions can be drawn, if possible. People who try to portray victims of Nazism as victims of “Stalinist repressions” are not used to apologizing. They believe that for such "pranks" they will do nothing. Joseph Goebbels is credited with the phrase, “The more cynical the lie, the more willingly they believe it.” The creators of historical fakes, apparently, are guided by the precepts of Hitler's Propaganda Minister.
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